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Tulsa massacre survivor, residents push to boost Black community's prominence, a century after killings_我的网站
A | 8月17日，在中铁十四局承建的甬舟铁路金塘海底隧道宁波侧80米深处，我国首台盾构饱和带压进仓设备“深海空间站”在7.8巴水压下完成104把刀具检查、更换，创下我国盾构带压进仓最大压力纪录。 金塘海底隧道是甬舟铁路全线控制性工程，横跨宁波与舟山之间的金塘水道，全长16.18公里，海底盾构段11.21公里，是世界最长海底高铁隧道。
B | “甬舟号”盾构机负责宁波侧4940米掘进任务，需穿越24次软硬交替地层，硬岩、软硬不均地层占比近七成，岩石最高强度达191兆帕。隧道最低点位于海平面下92米，极限水土压力高达8.5巴，尤其是压力超6巴的高水压区段长达2000米。
C | 在这种地质条件下，“甬舟号”刀具磨损极快，掘进途中必须多次停机换刀。针对海底高压换刀难题，中铁十四局联合交通运输部上海打捞局历时3年，自主研发国产首台盾构饱和带压作业设备“深海空间站”。设备包含宁海（生活）舱、探海（穿梭）舱、镇海（控制）舱等全套自主化功能模块，最大设计作业深度100米。 “与其他带压作业方式需要经历循环往复的加压减压过程相比，饱和带压作业技术通过科学的气体配比，让作业人员一次性加压至与海底掌子面相同的高压环境后，体内惰性气体溶解达到饱和状态，能够长期驻留于宁海（生活）舱内。 More than 100 years after many of Tulsa's Black residents were killed and their businesses were destroyed by white rioters, the community, including a woman who survived the massacre, is still finding ways to rebuild and seek justice.Between May 31 and June 1, 1921, white Tulsa residents set fire and bombed several square blocks of the city, including Greenwood District, which was known as Black Wall Street because of its successful shops and businesses owned by Tulsa's Black residents.An estimated 300 Black residents were killed and thousands were left homeless after the Tulsa massacre, according to historians.Alicia Odewale, a professor of archeology at the University of Tulsa, is leading a project to dig up Greenwood's past and told GMA 3's DeMarco Morgan, a Tulsa native, that she's already made some shocking discoveries."We found bullets and barbed wire next to doll parts next to lined up toys, next to marbles," she said. "They tried to wipe out families and children.""The artifacts are bearing witness to things that we don't have in our history books," she added.Tiffany Crutcher, an activist, said she's been working to raise awareness of what happened and fight for justice. She has traveled to Congress with survivors and their families on multiple occasions to ensure that their stories are never forgotten."They sat there saying, 'We believe we deserve justice. We still believe in America,' even though they've been through the worst times," Crutcher said.In July, an Oklahoma judge dismissed a lawsuit filed by survivors and their families that sought reparations for the massacre. The decision has been appealed by the plaintiff's attorneys.After last week's passing of Hughes Van Ellis at 102, Lessie Benningfield "Mother" Randle, and Viola Fletcher, 109, are now the last of two living survivors.Lawanna Penny, Randle's granddaughter, said she promised her grandmother that even though the reparations suit has been dismissed, she and others wouldn't stop fighting for justice."I told her, 'We're not going anywhere,' she said. "We want to leave a legacy for her to build up North Tulsa, build it up back the way it used to be."Randle turns 109 next month and she told GMA 3 that she has one wish."I would like to see all of my people here…trying to make the situation better," she said. "Bring some of those things to life so people will know that it's really is true, because there's room for a lot more improvement."。”中铁十四局甬舟铁路金塘海底隧道项目负责人胡浩介绍。 “深海空间站”此前已完成首次实战应用，9名作业人员在75米深海驻留22天，累计更换刀具46把。
D | 相较于首次作业，此次换刀难度全方位升级，环境深度达到80米。随着换刀作业的全面完成，全体作业人员已返回宁海（生活）舱，进入为期3天的梯度减压流程。 目前，“甬舟号”盾构机已掘进3936米，完成掘进任务的近八成。后续项目团队将系统总结施工数据，形成标准化安全管控体系，推动该技术规范化、可复制推广，为我国深埋跨海通道、深层地下空间开发储备自主核心技术。（记者夏凡 通讯员赵荣发）。
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